Meningitis is the inflammation of the protective membranes (meninges) that cover the brain and spinal cord. It is usually caused by infections—most commonly bacterial or viral, but sometimes by fungi or parasites.

•  Bacterial meningitis is more severe and can be life-threatening if not treated quickly. The main bacteria that cause it are:
•  Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus)
•  Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
•  Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)

Bacterial meningitis can spread through respiratory droplets or direct contact with an infected person.

When meningitis is caused by Neisseria meningitidis, it is called meningococcal disease. This condition progresses quickly and can be serious or life-threatening, so prompt medical attention is crucial.

Recommended Schedule For Children:

Dose 1: at 9 months of age

Dose 2: at 12 months of age

For Older Children, Adults, and Seniors:

If the vaccine was not taken earlier, a single dose is recommended for anyone above 2 years of age.

Adults: recommended at 18 years and 50 years

Seniors: recommended for people over 50 years and up to 100+ years

1. Menactra (Sanofi Pasteur)

Protects against: Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A, C, W, and Y.

2. Menveo (GSK)

Protects against: Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A, C, W, and Y.

•   Formulation: Both are conjugated to different carrier proteins (Menactra → diphtheria toxoid, Menveo → CRM197 mutant diphtheria protein).
•  Availability: Both are widely used internationally; local guidelines (like CDC, WHO, IAP in India) determine which is preferred.